Tuesday, October 27, 2015

Week 7 Assignment 3

1. Explain the three levels of words and how you can use word levels to decide which words to teach.
 

The three level of words are, 1st , 2nd and 3rd tier level words. 1st tier means familiar words. Words that the student know, comprehend and can pronounce. The 2nd tier means unfamiliar words/vocabulary. Words that the students do not know and do not comprehend. The 3rd tier words are high-tech words or words that are way above the students level. Examples of those words are words found in science class and other technical courses.
 

2. How do you teach your students to "chunk" words as a strategy for decoding unfamiliar words? When do you provide this instruction?
Students are taught to chunk words by having words presented to them on printouts that the can separate and try to pronounce different sections of that word until they can pronounce it wholly.
This instruction should be provided when the Teacher realizes that a student has a problem pronouncing that word or when students are learning new vocabulary.
 
3. Based on Professor Allington's comments and the classroom examples, what are some ways you might foster word study in your classroom?
 

 
Some ways we can foster word study in the classroom is by including vocabulary components (word chunks) in our lesson planning. Have students look for clues in the text to find what new words mean. Have students look for parts of the word they know so they develop the meaning of the word.
 

 
 

Week 7 Assignment 2

1. How can you ensure that your struggling readers have access to texts they can easily read?
Struggling readers can have regular access to texts they can read by the Teacher setting up an area
in the class for a classroom library featuring books of all different genres which they can competently read and understand.
 
2. How can you foster a learning environment in which students have many opportunities to practice reading?
By giving students extended time to read (preferable aloud), the students will have the opportunity to practice that skill.
 
3. Describe ways in which you can model fluent reading in your classroom throughout the day.
By the Teacher reading aloud to the class. Having a fluent readers, read aloud to the class throughout the day. Incorporate video recordings of people reading fluently and have the students listen and if possible, read along.

Week 6 Assignment 3


Candidate’s Name: Mardio Leard
Grade Level: 2nd
Title of the lesson: Building Letter-Recognition fluency
Length of the lesson: 30 mins



Central focus of the lesson

Students will interact with letters to become more familiar with the sounds they make as well as recognition..
Students will continue to develop letter-recognition fluency through different activities as well as sight words via dvd.
Students will show their knowledge of letter recognition and sounds by participating in creating an alphabet wall.
Knowledge of students to inform teaching (prior knowledge/prerequisite skills and personal/cultural/community assets)

Students will already be familiar with letters and alphabets as well as some letter-sound connections. They will develop letter recognition and sounds which will aid them later on in
word recognition.  
Common Core State Standards (List the number and text of the standard. If only a portion of a standard is being addressed, then only list the relevant part[s].)

Sample: CCSS RF 1.3, 1.4 (Reading: Foundational Skills, Phonics and Word Recognitions)

3. Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words. a. Distinguish long and short vowels when reading regularly spelled one-syllable words. b. Know spelling-sound correspondences for additional common vowel teams. c. Decode regularly spelled two-syllable words with long vowels. d. Decode words with common prefixes and suffixes. e. Identify words with inconsistent but common spelling-sound correspondences. f. Recognize and read grade-appropriate irregularly spelled words.
Fluency 4. Read emergent-reader texts with purpose and understanding.

4. Read with sufficient accuracy and fluency to support comprehension. a. Read grade-level text with purpose and understanding. b. Read grade-level text orally with accuracy, appropriate rate, and expression on successive readings. c. Use context to confirm or self-correct word recognition and understanding, rereading as necessary.
Support literacy development through language (academic language)

Students will learn to recognize letters and sounds in a systematic way that will encourage and develop fluency.
Learning objectives

  1. Students will know the spelling-sound correspondences for common consonant digraphs.
  2. Students will decode regularly spelled one-syllable words.
  3. Students will recognize and read grade-appropriate irregularly spelled words.

Formal and informal assessment (including type[s] of assessment and what is being assessed)

Use of a checklist to keep track of letter-sounds most consistently recognized.
Students are assessed to see their level of recognizing letters and sounds individually using the alphabet book.
Instructional procedure: Instructional strategies and learning tasks (including what you and the students will be doing) that support diverse student needs. Your design should be based on the following:
Students will interact with letters via letter cards, learning sounds and names.
Students will use alphabet books to demonstrate knowledge of letter sounds and names.
Students will pair in groups to reinforce such knowledge.
Students will make use of abc mouse website to reinforce letter name and sounds
Students struggling with letter-sound recognition will focus on sight letter sounds and names.
ELL’s will focus on cognates.
Instructional resources and materials used to engage students in learning.

Students will make use of abc mouse website to reinforce letter name and sounds.
Reflection

I believe the activities that flowed from the central focus will strengthen the student’s letter name and sound recognition. I believe my lesson was curtail to accommodate struggling students and ELL’s as well as continued progress and reinforcement overall through the incorporation of technology in some activities.


Dr. Hui-Yin Hsu Spring 2014

Week 7 Assignment 1




Word Study and Fluency Chart 

Reading Element
Instruction
Opportunities for Practice
Texts/materials
Fluency
• Teacher Read-aloud
• Student read-aloud
• Reader’s Theater
• Extended time to Read
• Plays, scripts
*familiar texts
Vocabulary
• Word clues
•Word Wall
• High success texts
•Pronouncing new vocabulary on word wall
• High success sentences
*new words on word wall
Decoding
• Word Chunking
•Word clues
• Pronouncing new vocabulary words
• High success texts
• New Vocabulary Charts
·         High success books/sentences

© 2005 The Annenberg Foundation. All rights reserved.

Tuesday, October 20, 2015

Week 6 Assignment 1

Candidate’s Name: Mardio Leard
Grade Level: 3rd
Title of the lesson: Phonics and Homophones
Length of the lesson:



Central focus of the Lesson
 
Students will learn all about Homophones. Understanding homophones will help the student recognize the difference between words that are similar as well as expand the students vocabulary. Students will learn how to recognize words especially suffixes and how to call those words.
Knowledge of students to inform teaching (prior knowledge/prerequisite skills and personal/cultural/community assets)
 
Students will understand that words may look and sound the same but have different meanings. Students will already know most of the words being read as well as their meaning.
Common Core State Standards (List the number and text of the standard. If only a portion of a standard is being addressed, then only list the relevant part[s].)
 
NYS CCSS RF 1.3 (Reading: Foundational Skills, Phonics and Word Recognitions)
3. Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.
a. Identify and know the meaning of the most common prefixes and derivational suffixes.
b. Decode words with common Latin suffixes.
c. Decode multisyllable words.
d. Read grade-appropriate irregularly spelled words.
Support literacy development through language (academic language)
 
Students will learn to recognize and pronounce unfamiliar words as well as the difference and meaning of words that are similar (homophones).
Learning objectives

1. Students will recognize and read grade-appropriate irregularly spelled words.
2. Students will develop meaning of the text and expand vocabulary by learning homophones
3. Students will become familiar with suffixes
Formal and informal assessment (including type[s] of assessment and what is being assessed)

Asking the student to retell the story as well as questioning the student about the story will
give insight as to whether the student is comprehending the text.
Instructional procedure: Instructional strategies and learning tasks (including what you and the students will be doing) that support diverse student needs. Your design should be based on the following:
Student will read aloud a familiar short story and learn how to identify and use 
knowledge of homophones and suffixes.
Student will retell the story in own words to develop and demonstrate comprehension and
fluency.
Student struggling with reading and ELL's will focus on letter-sound correspondence as
well as word break ups so to develop fluency.  
Instructional resources and materials used to engage students in learning.
 
Engage students in homophone concentration game using a card stock
and computer clip art.
Reflection
 
I believe the activities that flow from the central focus will strengthen the students
ability to recognize and correctly pronounce grade appropriate words as well unfamiliar
words. Based on the instructions in the lesson, I believe the other students will greatly
benefit in expanding their vocabulary and strengthen their fluency skills.

 


 



Monday, October 19, 2015

Week 6 Assignment 2


Educational Gaming Report

 

As an educational game, I chose ‘Where is Carmen Sandiego?’. From an analytical point of view, it is apparent why this game has been so entertaining yet engaging and educational for so many years. I had recently never heard of it until this particular and so decided to see what it was about. In going through this game, I realized that it was gripping in its introduction of mixing videos of live people (i.e. The Chief) along with cartoon-like characters. Anyone who has a natural curiosity and yearning for knowledge would find this game quite stimulating as it feeds the video-gamer with loads of necessary or relative information in finding the fugitive Carmen. I particularly enjoyed the relevant facts presented on each country I had to travel to as well as the feeling of being in an airport about to fly to that country; all the thrills of engaging in travel were present.

The intrinsic motivator for me would definitely have to be the fact that I generally love to travel and see different locations around the world. As a matter of fact, from a child, one of my career goals was to eventually become a Pilot, though that never materialized, it was still most stimulating and motivating for me. I also naturally love to discover new information or fun facts about other countries which this game most certainly provided. The extrinsic motivator for me was the fact that each time I received a set of clues, I knew I would get the opportunity to travel to another country and therein would be my fulfillment and reward. Knowing this gave me motivation to keep moving forward in the game. Another quality that was weaved into this game was the ability to play on the gamer’s curiosity. Not knowing what was to come made the game even more exciting. If one was not careful, one could become addicted to such a game.

The evidence of the six C’s of motivation as far as this game is concerned, were without a doubt present. Each clue or set of clues provided made the difficulty of the game increase and therefore the challenge increased as I had to store the clues as I received them, then apply them in finding Carmen. The choices present gave me a feeling of excitement and responsibility as I now felt more connected with the game and the direction in which I was going. The degree of control that I experienced in the game by way of being able to choose the best characters or witnesses to question, made me feel slightly in control of the chase as a hold and boosted my confidence and expectancy in finding the fugitive.

As the game went on, I realized that it was not just the chief and I who were after Carmen but other agents of ACME were too and so the exchange of information served as a collaborative effort in finding and arresting Carmen. Being a new comer to the game, I was able to quickly construct meaning of the game as a hold which allowed me to place personal value in going along with the chase as well as effort into using the information I was provided with effectively. The consequence for me was the reward in finally capturing Carmen after a long period of putting missing clues together, collaborating with the team and in the end, participating in the arrest of the fugitive. Also the fact that ACME was saved in the end was very fulfilling for me and made the gaming experience well worthwhile.

 

Thursday, October 15, 2015

Week 5 Assignment 3

Candidate’s Name: Mardio Leard
Grade Level: 4th
Title of the lesson: Like You Were Mine 
Length of the lesson: 15 mins
 
 
Mini Lesson Plan
NYS Common Core Reading Literacy Competences
ELA standards for Grade 4
Decoding Including Phonics and Structural Analysis
• Use knowledge of letter-sound correspondence to blend sounds when reading unfamiliar but decodable words
• Use decoding strategies (e.g., knowledge of syllable patterns, decoding by analogy and word structure) to read unfamiliar words
• Identify unfamiliar words using syntactic (grammar) cues
• Identify unfamiliar words using semantic (meaning) cues
• Integrate sources of information when word reading to decode and
cross-check
 
Student had difficulty identifying certain words. Student substituted for words that he could not decode.
Student was not self-monitoring his Reading.
 
Plan:
Present students with Grammar and Semantic cues to aid him in identifying unfamiliar words
Student will be introduced to synonyms and how they can be used to replace words he already identifies and are able to pronounce.
Have the student Read aloud at a comfortable pace as he tries to identify and pronounce higher end
words.
 
Reflection:
After reviewing the different stages of the lesson plan, I believe the student's vocabulary, ability to identify and pronounce unfamiliar words will all be enhanced. It will also motivate the student to read higher level poems as his confidence grows.
 
 

 

Monday, October 12, 2015

Assignment 5-3: Intervention strategy

 

Assignment 5-3: Intervention strategy

The all too familiar story of suicide has been on the increase in recent years, especially among students. Sadly for 13 year old Jared High, it was to be no different. Jared who had a fun-loving family and friends who tried to give him the best of life, found it unbearable at his local middle School (Mcloughlin Middle School). While growing up, Jared had his share of problems. He didn’t start speaking until he was about 2 ½ years old and a few years later, was placed in special Ed. Classes because of his speech problems. On the other hand, Jared persevered and was promoted to Assistant Manager of his school’s baseball team. It was at this time that the bullying began. A young man, one of his peers followed him to a secluded area and started beating on him for reasons still unknown. Jared was probably bullied because of jealousy. He was after all the Assistant Manager and 4th grader while the baseball team was made up of 8th graders so we could see jealousy as a motivation for bullying. Based on reasons for bullying suggested by his sister, Jared could have been bullied because the young man thought he was too smart, too dumb, too ugly or too handsome. This leaves a lot to be scrutinized as to the real reason why Jared was bullied. Apart from that traumatic experience which caused Jared to throw up after it was done, the other guys in the team spat on and stole from him, making it even more unbearable for him to continue at that school. Furthermore, the school system was not on Jared’s side as school records reveal, both boys were called into the Principals office, asked about the incident, blamed it on each other and were subsequently suspended for 3 days, the school citing it as fighting. The other boys did not make it any better as they were friends of the bully. Jared, sinking into depression transferred to a High School but in the following months continued this decent apparently still suffering from the after effects of bullying.

It is sad that the school system failed Jared after been given the opportunity to intercept and make a difference. The Principal as the highest authority in the school, representing the school system, failed to look deeply into the situation presented probably because of laziness/negligence as well as non-existence of school policies being in place to stem bullying. We will address this a bit more later on in this report. It is also unfortunate that Jared’s parents and sister after being made privy to the incident, passed it off as not too serious and a passing phase. This neglect would ultimate lead to Jared taking his own life. Jared’s Mom in the video proceeded to tell us that she wanted to get him to see a Counselor but never got around to doing it. It is my sincere belief that this suicide could have thwarted had the individuals in Jared’s life acted proactively. His Mom and sister saw the signs, Jared had stopped playing on his computer, stopped jumping on his trampoline and had cut out recreation all together. This was the opportune moment for intervention but unfortunately, both the school system and Jared’s care takers failed to do so. The decent finally hit rock bottom on September 29th when Jared’s Mom got a call to head home because of an emergency which proved to be fatal as she later found out that Jared had called his Father earlier after which he proceeded to shot himself, ending his life.

Reports are that, Jared after being allowed to stay home that day, had no problem finding his Father’s gun; his Father being an avid hunter. Jared’s sister said he would have had no problem finding the gun but would have had to search a bit more for the cartridges as his Father kept them separate. (High, 2010). It irks me to know that it was Jared’s own father’s gun that was used to commit the suicide. What’s with people keeping guns in their homes and then crying when these incidents occur? I don’t mean to sound insensitive but it probably stems from the fact that in my native country, it was very rare for people to have guns in their homes. It brings up the whole debate of gun control in this country. Jared knowing the gun was readily accessible, was what I believe made it easier for him to commit suicide. I do understand that the Father is an avid hunter but more care should have been taken to ensure only he had access to the gun and the cartridges.

It is clear from Jared’s case that adults need a guide on how to deal with bullying, both Teachers and Parents alike. Adults need to intervene as that is one of the main ways of stopping the cycle of bullying. It is a fact that in most cases, the presence of an adult can avert a victim from being bullied. A few ways in which Teachers can deal with the issue of bullying is to listen to the conversations among their students by intentionally situating themselves especially in places where the students love to congregate. Teachers and other staff members are to pay attention to students, their attitudes, behaviors etc. so as to determine if bullying is taking place. Another way to address the problem of bullying is for the Teacher to take away the offenders privileges; demand that the student eat lunch with the Teacher or Principal, rather than his/her friends.

Teachers and Parents should realize that if students trust them, they will let them know when something is wrong or if there is bullying elsewhere. Teachers can teach kids to learn how to problem-solve, cooperate and talk about conflict; also how to show empathy. How to identify with someone else’s misfortune. A few more ways in which Teachers and Parents can aid in dealing with bullying is through the use of literacy games to teach kids certain ethics and good behavior; getting them to understand that bullying is wrong, that it’s a violation of someone else’s rights. Also that there are consequences for such actions. One resource for Parents on dealing with bullying is a website called ‘Castle’ set up by the University of Wisconsin. The more resources adults can their hands on will aid in the overall problem of bullying in our country.

It is imperative to have a safe school environment for our students as we see the rise of bullying among our youth across the nation. ‘Bullying can occur randomly or regularly. It can happen daily, weekly, or monthly. In fact, one in 10 bullying victims are bullied daily, while one in five victims are bullied once or twice a month’ (Mahoney, 2012).

It is a fact that students go through severe emotional, mental and psychological stress when being bullied and that this can cause a severe effect on their academic performance. Based on these facts schools must set their own values and norms where students don’t feel violated and attacked. The number one bullying problem that students complained about is that of Teachers ostracizing them especially in front of other students. In order for Teachers to help create and maintain a safe school environment, Teachers should take care to approach students with dignity rather than talking down to them. In the classroom, ensure that students feel free to make mistakes without fear of being ostracized.

Here are a few more ways that school officials can create and maintain a safe school environment: Having their staff understand a clear definition of bullying as opposed to teasing which can be a form of bullying. Removing labels and addressing behaviors. Setting clear and enforceable rules and expectations and rewarding positive behavior. Having open Communication, engaging parents, looking for warning signs, clearing the scene, monitoring hot spots and knowing state law and district Policies (Hellwig, 2015). Lastly, Mr. Wright came up with the “Good Behavior Game” in which good classroom behaviors are rewarded during the instructional time of day (Wright, 2012).

Thankfully, there is an ongoing push at the State and local level to develop and implement school policy on bullying. An example of one such policy and its implementation is called the ‘Communication plan’ which includes a plan for notifying students, students’ families, and staff of policies related to bullying, including the consequences for engaging in bullying. A citation of this is found in the State of Arkansas. The example is shown below.

Example: Arkansas: Ark. Code Ann. § 6-18-514(b) (2009): "The policies shall: ...[6] Require that notice of what constitutes bullying, that bullying is prohibited, and the consequences of engaging in bullying be conspicuously posted in every classroom, cafeteria, restroom, gymnasium, auditorium, and school bus in the district; and [7] Require that copies of the notice...be provided to parents, students, school volunteers, and employees."

The state and local policy makers have communicated specific headings under which school districts shall cohesively address school bullying such as Specification of Prohibited Conduct, Enumeration of Specific Characteristics, Development and Implementation of LEA Policies, Components of LEA Policies, Transparency and Monitoring, Training and Preventive Education, communication plan and mandatory Review of Local Policies (U.S. department of Health and Human services, 2010).

Other forms of bullying are also mentioned such as Cyber-bullying. Policies and rules have been set in place to aid Parents in monitoring their children while online and out of the classroom. It is my sincere wish that with all these policies, rules and guidelines set in place and implemented that we will never have a repeat as that of Jared High where he ended up committing suicide. Our children and students need protection and so we must do all we can to create and maintain a safe atmosphere for them to grow and develop in… They are after all, our future.

 
References

High, B. (2010). Retrieved from: http://www.jaredstory.com/jareds_life.html

   

Hellwig, E. (2015). 10 ways to help reduce bullying in schools. Retrieved from: http://www.crisisprevention.com/Blog/November-2011/10-Ways-to-Help-Reduce-Bullying-in-Schools

 

Mahoney, M. (2012). Part I - An overview of bullying and guidance for its prevention. Retrieved from: http://www.ode.state.or.us/search/page/?id=3572

 

U.S. department of health and human services. (2010). Retrieved from: http://www.stopbullying.gov/laws/key-components/index.html. Key Components in State Anti-Bullying Laws

 

 

Monday, October 5, 2015

Week 4 Critical Reflection


Critical Reflection

 

       In the video “Waiting for Superman”, we see an in depth view on the educational issues affecting the U.S. and how it directly affects our nation’s children who are at the heart of the situation. The video brings out varying points which would call for agreement as well as disagreement based on the individual viewing its content. Beginning with Geoffrey Canada’s account of his childhood, coming through a failing education system but luckily getting a chance to obtain a degree from Harvard and eventually making a difference in New York and the country’s education system as a hold; showing that schools within the disadvantaged areas have been handed the bad end of the stick for a long time now.

       As Sandra Parker in her 2015 October article, on the real reasons why the American education system is failing says, “Chances are really good that for the most part, the students that attend the less affluent districts are not only one, but several grade levels below where they are supposed to be. This people, is where you really see some great educators at work! They not only have to teach the actual content, but also re-teach the gaps that impedes these students from learning the new content.” Unfortunately, the children living in disadvantaged areas are subject to being left behind in almost if not every subject area, making it almost impossible for them to every catch up barring a miracle.

       Geoffrey Canada makes the point even more clear that no one person has the answer to our broken education system, not even the great Superman. “One of the saddest days of my life was when my mother told me ‘Superman’ did not exist,” the educational reformer Geoffrey Canada recalls in the opening moments of “Waiting for ‘Superman,’ ” a powerful and alarming documentary about America’s failing public school system. “She thought I was crying because it’s like Santa Claus is not real. I was crying because no one was coming with enough power to save us.” It maybe that the real Superman will have to be a consistent and dedicated set of Teachers, administrators, parents and all other parties involved in our education system nationwide taking full responsibility in seeing our children through to certain success.

       As LynNeil Hancock shows us in the article ‘Why are Finland’s schools so successful?’, “There are no mandated standardized tests in Finland, apart from one exam at the end of students’ senior year in high school. There are no rankings, no comparisons or competition between students, schools or regions. Finland’s schools are publicly funded. The people in the government agencies running them, from national officials to local authorities, are educators, not business people, military leaders or career politicians. Every school has the same national goals and draws from the same pool of university-trained educators. The result is that a Finnish child has a good shot at getting the same quality education no matter whether he or she lives in a rural village or a university town. The differences between weakest and strongest students are the smallest in the world, according to the most recent survey by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). “Equality is the most important word in Finnish education. All political parties on the right and left agree on this,” said Olli Luukkainen, president of Finland’s powerful teachers union.” As we can see, the way the Finnish education system is set up, it’s pretty hard for any student to fail regardless of their race or background. The Finnish Teachers are most if not all proficient and constant, showing care and compassion in their Teaching. The U.S. should prove their Teachers first. The U.S. would do well to take a page out of the Finn’s book on education systems. They are unified under one goal and cause and this is nationwide. Their nets so to speak are hard to break therefore the students would have to rebel in such a way as to end up falling through the cracks. As a Finnish Teacher states, “Equality is the most important word in Finnish education.” The United States education system in terms of those in charge are so divided on many issues no wonder the saying goes, “An house divided against itself cannot stand.” Many factors need to be weighed in and changed, this needs to happen as soon as possible as we have seen the deterioration for decades now.

 

       William Galston in his article on how bad are the Public Schools? states, “What you need is some constancy, both in terms of instruction, and in terms of the human resources that are there. You need proficiency, and you need constancy in those schools, just like you have it in other schools that are doing extremely well. And simply, when you find principals and teachers who are committed and love that school, they don't leave. There are no vacancies there.” Galston drives the point home more poignantly that Teachers need to have certain dispositions in order to make a real difference and that the schools need to look out for these kinds of individuals and keep them. It is quite unfortunate that many ‘lemon heads’ are tenured in their schools and so they can’t get fired only transferred to another facility to further bring it down.   

       Stephen Holden of the New York Times puts it this way, “Ms. Rhee, who has stridently challenged Washington’s educational status quo, has closed ineffective schools and has stood up to the unions that have made it nearly impossible to fire a teacher, no matter how incompetent, once tenure has been granted. But the Washington Teachers’ Union refused to vote on a measure under which teachers would give up tenure in exchange for higher salaries based on merit. (Ms. Rhee’s status is now in jeopardy after one of her chief supporters, Mayor Adrian M. Fenty, lost the Democratic primary election to Vincent C. Gray, the chairman of the City Council. Ms. Rhee and Mr. Gray, who have sparred in recent years, met on Thursday.)” I applaud Ms. Rhee’s effort to reform the school districts under her jurisdiction however she is no Superman and cannot dod it alone. It is quite sad that it is the ones who are under her but in charge of students themselves, who have been along with the Teacher’s union, who have been the road blocks and red tapes set up to effective block the progress of countless students squeezed in our education system.

       John Hood in his article on ‘the failure of American public schools’ puts it this way, “Some critics believe that public education reforms fail because they are compromised or sabotaged by the education lobbies—teacher associations, administrators, and the legislators in their pockets… and yet mediocre teachers, who dominate teacher unions and the education lobbyists in Washington and the state capitals, continue to resist this basic change.” It has perfectly said the truth and it shows that true change will never take place until certain pro-education policies are set in place while the bad apples or lemons are not transferred but permanently removed from the educational system. While I do agree that change must come, I must echo the fact that many reforms have come and gone yet there has been no real change. This is what many of the critics are saying and they are right to a certain point as it does not mean that we should not continue to try and come up with the right way of doing things, especially for our children’s sake. If that is what they are advocating in the long run then I have to disagree. Change is necessary, even if it takes 100 years.

        Jal Mehta in the article, ‘Why American Education fails’ puts the aforementioned in this way, “Although no one disputes the value of education, how the country should improve it is fiercely contested. Every few years, along comes a new idea to save American schools, be it enforcing standards, opening charter schools, providing vouchers for private education, or paying teachers based on their performance. Most recently, two federal programs have sought to remake the U.S. education system: No Child Left Behind, a 2001 law that sought to use standards and accountability to push all students to proficiency by 2014, and Race to the Top, an Obama administration initiative that has tried to incentivize change by offering competitive grants to states pursuing reform agendas. All this activity has generated progress in some areas, but it has not led to widespread improvement.” As I stated before, I agree with the critics especially those of Ms. Rhee in Washington that many reforms have been tried with no success but we must keep in mind that we cannot for a minute cease form finding a reform that will work for our nation’s children.

       Here are few critics’ reviews regarding ‘Waiting for Superman’, some positive, some negative but they do weigh in. Sean Burns of the Philadelphia Weekly saysOverlooks some larger issues regarding systemic poverty and social inequities, while the tricky matter of private funding is elided altogether.” Roger Moore of Movie Nation says “More overwhelming than uplifting, and you can't help but feel this is a rich outsider looking in, and down on, public schools.” Robert Roten of Laramie Movie Scope says “While it may not be comprehensive in its approach, it is powerful enough to get all but the most apathetic people stirred up enough to do something.” Nigel Andrews of Financial Times says, “You know you're in an endangered superpower when a vice-president who spells "potatos" without an "e" is followed two decades later by a president for whom the plural of child is "childrens.”  

       Philip Martin of Arkansas Democrat-Gazette says “...a persuasive, thoughtful argument; an advocacy film that should be taken as an opportunity to open an important conversation about our future - and whether we're willing to do the work necessary to justify our national amour-propre.” And Matt Brunson of Creative Loafing says, “It's impossible not to be left either elated or heartbroken, depending on which way the (lottery) ball bounces.” Though some are negative and some positive, I believe they are well rounded in perspective since it is true that the video does not take every educational problem into scope yet it covers sufficient issues that will keep the public conversation on going perhaps until true change comes.

      In conclusion, we see that the issues affecting education in America are numerous and wide ranging and are far from being fixed. This is an ongoing conversation which will continue until here is certain change and national success for our children. The United States will have to make certain definitive changes to the education policy as soon as possible if we are to maintain our status a world power or world leader.

 

 

 

 References

 

Mehta, Jal. (2013). Why American Education fails and how lessons from abroad could improve it by. May/June 2013 issue Foreign Affairs. Retrieved from https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2013-04-03/why-american-education-fails

 

Hood, John. (1993, February 1). The Failure of American Public Education. The Freeman. Retrieved from http://fee.org/freeman/the-failure-of-american-public-education/




Hancock, LynNeil. (2011, September). Why Are Finland's Schools Successful? By Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/why-are-finlands-schools-successful-49859555/?c=y%3Fno-ist

 

Galtson, William. (2014). Article on How bad are the Public Schools. Frontline. Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/vouchers/howbad/crisis.html

 

Parker, Sandra. (2015, October). Article on The real reasons why the American education system is failing. The News Herald. Retrieved from http://www.thenewsherald.com/articles/2015/08/31/opinion/doc55de1f7edc254417802542.txt

 

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